Science · First Term Reviewer
Matter, Atomic Theory, Subatomic Particles & Periodic Trends
First-term science topics: matter, atomic theory, subatomic particle math, isotopes, nuclear notation, ion formation, periodic trends, mixtures, separation techniques, solubility, acids and bases, and lab equipment.
Subatomic Particles & Math
If an atom has 6 protons and 6 neutrons in its nucleus, what is its atomic number?
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Subatomic Particles & Math
An Oxygen atom contains 8 protons and 10 neutrons. What is its atomic number?
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Subatomic Particles & Math
A Sodium isotope is composed of 11 protons and 12 neutrons. What is the atomic number of this atom?
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Subatomic Particles & Math
A Chlorine atom contains 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its atomic number?
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Significant Figures & Math
What is the result of adding 2.634 and 0.02, rounded to the correct number of decimal places?
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Significant Figures & Math
What is the result of multiplying 42.3 by 2.61, rounded to the correct number of significant figures?
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Significant Figures & Math
How many significant figures are present in the measurement 0.0045?
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Matter & Phase Changes
According to the kinetic particle model, what happens to particles when thermal energy is added to a system?
Matter & Phase Changes
Which state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume?
Matter & Phase Changes
What is the term for a phase change where a solid becomes a gas without passing through the liquid state?
Matter & Phase Changes
True or False: Plasma is a superheated, highly energetic gas-like state made of charged particles.
Atomic Theory
Who proposed that all matter is composed of minute, indivisible particles called "Atomos"?
Atomic Theory
Which scientist developed the nuclear model of the atom after his gold foil experiment?
Atomic Theory
The Bohr model of the atom shows electrons:
Atomic Theory
Dmitri Mendeleev arranged elements in the periodic table by increasing __________ and chemical properties.
Chemical Combination Laws
Which scientist formulated the Law of Definite Composition / Proportion, stating that a pure compound always contains elements in the exact same fixed mass proportion?
Chemical Combination Laws
Who discovered the Law of Multiple Proportions, observing that when elements combine to form different compounds, they do so in simple whole-number mass ratios?
Subatomic Structure
In the structural model of an atom, which subatomic particles are located inside the central nucleus?
Subatomic Particles & Math
The fundamental identity of a chemical element is strictly determined by its:
Subatomic Particles & Math
Which equation correctly represents the Mass Number (A) of an atom?
Isotopes & Symbols
Isotopes of the same element possess the same number of protons and electrons, but differ in their:
Isotopes & Symbols
In standard nuclear symbol notation (AZX), how are the mass number (A) and atomic number (Z) positioned?
Ion Formation & Charges
What is a positively charged ion (X⁺) called, and how is it formed?
Ion Formation & Charges
When a neutral atom gains one or more electrons, it forms a negatively charged ion known as an:
Periodic Trends
What is the periodic trend for atomic size across a period (horizontal row)?
Periodic Trends
What is the periodic trend for atomic size down a group (vertical column)?
Mixtures & Solutions
A homogeneous mixture that has uniform composition throughout is called a:
Mixtures & Solutions
In a solution, the substance being dissolved is called the:
Mixtures & Solutions
Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
Separation Techniques
Which separation technique would be best for separating sand from water?
Separation Techniques
The process of heating a liquid to its vapor and then cooling the vapor back to liquid form is called:
Separation Techniques
Chromatography is used to separate:
Solubility
The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature is called:
Solubility
According to the "like dissolves like" principle, which type of solute will dissolve in a nonpolar solvent?
Solubility
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of most solid solutes in water?
Acids & Bases
A solution with a pH of 3 is:
Acids & Bases
Which type of litmus paper turns red in acidic solutions?
Acids & Bases
The reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water is called:
Periodic Table
Elements in the same group (column) of the periodic table have:
Lab Equipment
Which piece of laboratory equipment is used to measure the volume of a liquid accurately?
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Review Concept Notes
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